Traditional production technology of base oil

In the 1930s, the production of lubricating oil base oil basically adopted physical methods, that is, the "old three sets" of traditional processes composed of solvent refining, solvent dewaxing and clay supplementary refining to produce lubricating oil base oil.
(1) solvent refining. Solvent refining is an important step in the production process of lubricating oil, its main function is to remove the thick aromatic hydrocarbons, gum, asphaltene, etc., so that the viscosity and temperature properties of lubricating oil, oxidation stability, carbon residue value, color and other properties are improved. The process is mature, and the commonly used solvents are furfural, phenol and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
(2) solvent dewaxing. Solvent dewaxing process mainly includes crystallization, filtration, solvent recovery and freezing, its purpose is to remove paraffin in oil, reduce the pour point of lubricating oil base oil. This process has technical advantages in processing lighter raw materials, high yield of dewaxed oil and high viscosity index. In order to reduce energy consumption, save operating costs and reduce investment, domestic and foreign lubricant base oil production enterprises have adopted solvent dewaxing and wax deoiling combined technology, in recent years, mainly in energy saving, improving oil and wax yield and other technologies have relatively great improvement.
(3) clay supplement refining. Clay supplementary refining is to make the oil and clay fully mixed at a certain temperature, using the adsorption properties of the active clay surface, through heating, evaporation, filtration and other processes to remove the nitrite, gum, asphaltene, naphthenic acid soap, unsaturated hydrocarbons, selective solvents, water, mechanical impurities in the lubricating oil. It can improve the color of the oil, reduce the carbon residue, and improve the anti-oxidation stability and anti-emulsification degree of the oil.